Chapter one
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
In the advanced world like China, Britain, Australia and the United State of
America, ticketing system are usually automated with the use of internet and e-
commerce. Smart cards are usually used to make payment and ticket generated
after. The use of electronic ticketing system has increasingly helped to address the
problem of long queue and time wastage problem. (Watts, 2012).
An electronic ticketing system is a computerized system that is designed to collect,
store and retrieve information as well as conduct transactions related to passengers
and trains. The idea behind a web-based road ticketing and payment system was
originally designed and incorporated by bus operators. (Clifford, 2010).
E-tickets or card indicates that its holder has right to a specified service, right or
consideration. Electronic tickets (e-tickets) give evidence that their holders have
permission to enter a place of entertainment, use a means of transportation, or have
access to some internet services. E-ticket system is an easy and quick way to pay
for train services. (Cooper, 2007).
Electronic ticketing is a way of documenting sale, checking ticket usage and
accounting for a passenger's transportation without the traditional usage of paper
“value documents”. Passengers can make payment and print their e-tickets
ubiquitously. Passenger ticketing system is an essential system designed to address
the problem of long queue and unnecessary time wastage associated with bus
ticketing. Ticket counter is generally associated with long queue; the problem is so
