ABSTRACT
The main thrust of this study is to evaluate the supervisory practices in public primary schools in Anambra State. The study was guided by four research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. As a descriptive survey, a sample of 400 respondents was used for data collection. The data collected were statistically analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions and t-test statistics for testing the null hypotheses. The findings of the analysis showed among other things that the supervisors in public primary schools use different supervisory practices, the supervisory practices of supervisors in public primary schools are very effective, the supervisory practices of external supervisors are more felt in public primary schools than those of internal supervisors. Gender is not a significant factor in determining the supervisory practices of school supervisors in public primary schools. Based on these findings, it was among others recommended that supervision should endeavor to perform their roles according to the specified guidelines on supervision of schools by the Anambra State Universal Basic Education Board.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE I
DECLARATION PAGE II
CERTIFICATE PAGE III
DEDICATION IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS V
TABLE OF CONTENTS VI
LIST OF TABLES IX
LIST OF APPENDICES X
ABSTRACT XI
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 6
Purpose of the Study 7
Significance of the Study 8
Scope of the Study 9
Research Questions 9
Hypotheses 10
CHAPTER TWO:
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Conceptual Framework 12
Concept of Programme Evaluation 12
Concept of Supervision 17
Theoretical Framework 19
Classical Organizational Theory 19
Social Learning Theory 22
Theoretical Studies 23
Evaluation Models 23
Types of Evaluation 26
Historical Development of Supervision in Nigeria 30
Who is an Instructional Supervisor? 33
The Classroom Teacher as an Instructional Leader and Supervisor 36
Qualities of a Supervisor 40
Purpose of Supervision 42
Supervisory Practices in Schools 44
Review of Empirical Studies 49
Summary of Related Literature
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHOD
Research Design 54
Area of the Study 54
Population of the Study 54
Sample and Sampling Technique 55
Instrument for Data Collection 55
Validation of the Instrument 56
Reliability of the Instrument 56
Method of Data Collection 57
Method of Data Analysis 57
CHAPTER FOUR:
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
Research Question 1 58
Research Question 2 59
Research Question 3 61
Research Question 4 63
Hypothesis 1 65
Hypothesis 2 65
Summary of Findings 66
CHAPTER FIVE:
DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Discussion of Findings 67
Conclusions 68
Implications of the Findings 69
Recommendations 70
Limitations of the Study 71
Suggestions for Further Studies 72
Summary of the Study 72
REFERENCES 74
APPENDICES 78
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1: Deviation responses on the supervisory practices used by supervisors in primary schools
Table 4.2: Mean and standard deviation responses on the evaluation of supervisory practices used by internal and external supervisors in public primary school 60
Table 4.3: Mean and standard deviation responses on the evaluation of supervisory practices as perceived by male and female supervisors 62
Table 4.4: Mean and standard deviation responses on how the supervisory practices used by internal supervisors differ from those used by the external supervisors 64
Table 4.5: T-test statistics on supervisory practices used by internal and external supervisors
Table 4.6: T-test statistics on the effectiveness of supervisory practices used by male and female supervisors in primary schools
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A: Letter to the Respondents 78
Appendix B: Statistical Tools Used for Data Analysis 83
Appendix C: Calculation of T-Test 84
Appendix D: Population of the Study and Public Primary Schools in Ogidi
Education Zone 85
