TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE PAGES
CERTIFICATION I
DEDICATION II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III
LIST OF TABLE IV
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 4
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION 5
1.5 HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION 6
1.6 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY 7
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 7
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 10
2.1 INTRODUCTION 10
2.2 BUDGETING DEFINED 12
2.3 PURPOSE OF BUDGETING 12
2.4 THE BUDGETARY SYSTEM 14
2.5 TYPE OF BUDGETING 17
2.6 BUDGET TERM 21
2.7 BUDGET EXCUSION 23
2.8 BUDGET REVIEW AND CONCLUSION 24
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 28
3.1 INTRODUCTION 28
3.2 POPULATION OF THE STUDY 28
3.3 IDENTIFICATION OF SAMPLE SIZE 29
3.4 DATA COLLECTION METHOD 29
3.5 PROCEDURE FOR ANALYSIS DATA COLLECTED 31
3.6 RESEARCH DESIGN 31
3.7 ADMINISTRATION OF DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT 32
3.8 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE CASE STUDY 33
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 36
4.1 INTRODUCTION 36
4.2 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA ACCORDING TO RESEARCH QUESTION 36
4.3 TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS 43
4.4 RESULT FINDINGS 48
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 SUMMARY 55
5.2 CONCLUSION 56
5.3 RECOMMENDATION 57
BIBLIOGRAPHY 59
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Budgeting concept is as old as man. We learn from history that the warmly man had to determine what ever he needed in advance before it eventually materialized.
This is very obvious in the present day lives of individual of state or a nation. As a nation plan ahead in term of revenue and expenditure within a specified period of time. So also an individual or state conceptualized anticipated revenue and disbursement within a specified period of time.
Every establishment, be it public or private when planning, find it necessary to incorporate budget and institute a proper executive for the purpose of translating policies, coordinating activities as well as financial control in order to achieve the last result. Budget planning is the process of preparing detailed short term plans know as budget for the function activities and departments of the organization and converting the long term corporate plan into action. The budgetary process is an integral part of both with planning and control. Too often budget are associated with negative penny pending control activities where as the full process is much broader and more positive than that. Budgeting is about making plans for the future implementing those plans and monitoring activities to see whether they conform to the plan. To do this successfully, it requires full top management support, co-operative and motive middle managers and staff, as well as organized reporting system. The need for control system and performance report has become over more critical in every years as a result of excessive budget restriction even for the manufacturing and service organization.
