THE IMPACTS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION ON NON-PROFIT MAKINGS ORGANIZATION
(A CASE STUDY OF GRACE OF GOD MISSION AWKUNANA
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Abstract
This research project concerned a study of the impacts of accounting information on non-profit makings organization: A Case Study of Grace of God Mission. A sample of sixty-three members were made from the district. Investigations were carried on their financial control used both internally and externally, the accounting system and financial decisions/reporting adopted. This showed whether there was an efficient and effective financial record keeping in the church. Since the research aimed at investigating existing financial record keeping or practice the employment of descriptive method of research was found adequate. The main instruments used for the collection of primary data were the structured libraries and other research units served as secondary data. The researcher ensured that the questionnaire possessed to a large extent the characteristics necessary and adequate for the purpose of validity and reliability. Data collected were analyzed and presented with percentages and tables and hypothesis were tested with the chi-square (X2) statistics and the following results emerged.
The study revealed that the church keeps proper record of its accounts and that there is accountability and responsibility, every member of the finance council has to give account of the money entrusted to him. It also showed that the church makes yearly budget before expenses are incurred and that authorization and control of church expenditure is vested on the management team.
Based on the finds, both short and long term measures were recommended as ways of enhancing financial record keeping in religious organizations.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The applications of Accounting Information have contributed to the growth and development of every business entity. Non-profit making organization on the other hand has immensely benefited from accounting information to survive, integrate and stabilize in this current economic recession in the country. Any of the non-profit making organization that neglect the roles and impacts of accounting information will at the end of the day fold up.
Many churches today have split, folded up, merged with another due to claims that the church funds has been embezzled, diverged and mismanaged where the committee or the pastor concerned fails to present and document financial records of the church. This has created loopholes for the spreading of churches at every street and corners, hence churches are seen as the fastest means of making money.
1.1 Historical Background
Grace of God Mission started in the late seventies, but was registered as a corporate body under the “Land Perpetual Succession Act Lap 98” on 14th October, 1980.
Grace of God Mission as one of the leading and dynamic Pentecostal churches in Nigeria has a network of branches across each region of Nigeria and some branches outside Nigeria.
However, Awkunanaw began as a local church branch in 1984 under the pastoral care of late Rev. Raymond Iwundu. The church at Awkunanaw grew like mustard seed to its summit as a Division Headquarter in 1997 having five (5) district churches and 23 local churches under her control.
1.2 Statement Of Problem
The persistent increase in cost of ineffective management of accounting information in church has caused schisms, folding up, breaking away and springing up of mushroom churches.
This project proposes to examine whether the church can survive, grow, stabilize under this atmosphere.
To examine whether the inability of the pastor to keep adequate financial information is responsible for crisis and break up of churches.
To find out the problem that could likely be encountered or created where unqualified hand handles accounting information of the church.
1.3 Statement Of Hypothesis
The following hypothesis were formulated in order to find out the validity and reliability of information gathered.
H0: Church cannot break away where the pastor does not keep adequate financial information.
H1: The church can break away where the pastor keeps inadequate financial information.
H0: Accounting information may not create problems where unqualified hand handles it.
H1: Accounting information may create problems where unqualified hand handles it.
1.4 Objective Of The Study
Noted hereunder are specific objectives, which the project is designed to achieve:
To find out the impacts of accounting to non profit making organization.
To find out importance of accounting information to the church
To see how accounting information could b e applied in the church
To identity the problem created when accounting information is not used in the church
To find out the problem associated with unqualified hand handling accounting information.
1.5 Importance Of The Study
The critical analysis of this work will be very beneficial to non-profit making organizations especially the churches.
It will serve as a better information guide to churches who wish to apply accounting information. It will help all to appreciate the impacts of accounting information not to the non-profit making organization but to profit oriented businesses.
1.6 Scope And Limitation Of The Study
This work covers the area of impact of accounting accompanying accounting information to Non-profit making organization with reference to Grace of God Mission Awkunanaw.
During the course of the research, the researcher faced the following problems.
Financial constraint
Time constraint
Dearth of statistical information
Lack of adequate research facilities
1. Financial Constraint: For the fact that the researcher is a student, the lacked the necessary finance to carryout extensive research on the topic,
2. Time Constraint: The researcher as a student also have academic activities which limited the time used for the project other than what it would have been. Also considering the shortness of the semester and the time of submission of this project, there was not enough time left for the project work.
3. Death of Statistical Information: Facts were not easy to come about during the course of the project work. I was subjected to unnecessary protocol at the expenses of my limited time before getting some facts.
4. Lack of Adequate Research Facilities: The research was faced with lack of adequate research facilities like up-to-date information and non-availability of relevant textbooks. Most of the textbooks used for the project discussed on non-profit making organization as it related to social clubs, institution organizations., and cheatable organization.
1.7 Conceptual Definition Of Terms
The terms used in this project work has been simplified to enable even the least literate person to understand easily. To this end almost complete elimination of technical works or expressions has been made. This has been made in order to make sure that the information sought for from this work is got at a glance. Nevertheless, some few technical words may include:
1. Accounting
This is the act of recording, classifying and summarizing in a systematic manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are, in part at least, of a financial character, and interpreting the result thereof.
2. Information
This is processed data. Data are merely facts and figures that have little to do with decisions.
3. Planning
It is setting goals and ways to achieve them
4. Surplus:
It is excess income over expenditure
5. Deficit
It is excess expenditure over income
6. Journal
A book of original entry listing transactions affecting general ledger accounts in chronological order in terms of their debit and credit amount.
7. Ledger
A book containing the individual accounts of a business entity.
8. Voucher
A written authorization to pay individual or company whose name appear in the vouchers. Usually contain the name of the individual or company to be paid, the amount of payment, signature authorizing of payment, the reasons for payment, signature authorizing the payment and the accounts to be debited or credited as a result of the payment.
9. GGM:
Grace of God Mission
10. Tithes
Calculated 10% of one’s income
11. Board Members
Members of Elders, Deacons and Deaconesses
12. Church Workers
The Exco of various wings and departments in the church.
13. Members
Those who do not hold any position in the church but they belong to the church.
1.8 Organization Of The Study
In order to have comprehensive approach towards the impacts of accounting information on non-profit making organization the researcher divided this work in five (5) chapters.
Chapter one deals with the introduction, brief history of the organization, statement of hypothesis, objective of study.
Chapter two deals with the literature review and the following topics were discussed under the following headings. Non-profit making organization, accounting information system, accounting document sources of income, accounting system, accounting basis, importance of accounting information, users of accounting information, impacts of accounting, dangers of unqualified hand handling accounting information.
Chapter three talks on research methodology and chapter four is on the presentation and analysis of data.
Finally, chapter five is on findings, summary, recommendation and conclusions.
