ABSTRACT
Flooding has been described as one of the most important environmental factors determining the distribution of salt maize plants. We studied the impact of five water levels on the germination and establishment of the invasive cord grass SPARTINA DENSIFLORA. Plant house experiment was carried out to determine the effects of time and depth of flooding o the survival and growth of rice. Data showed that time and depth of flood had significant effects on the survival and growth of rice. The germination rate was decrease gradually with depth there was no seedling emergence from depth deeper than 4cm however seedling at 8cm depth all died. Plant rooted at 4cm presented the highest quantum efficiency of photo system 11 slightly lower maximum net photosynthesis rate than other plants over 4cm depth reflecting high photo protection levels together with low nitrogen and pigments contents. Water level depth reduced short relative growth rate (RGR) the results could be useful to fight densiflora invasion because artificial invasion of invaded marshes to a water depth of 8cm would prevents its establishment from seed bank.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page
Title Page
Approval Page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Justification of the study
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Overview of rice cropping
2.2 Effects of flooding on the growth
2.3 Types of rice grown
2.4 Techniques of flood control
2.5 Additional traits probably involved in the survival in anaerobic soils.
2.6 Rice adaption to anaerobic system
2.7 Genetic variation in flooding tolerance during germination and early growth in rice
2.8 Mobilization of stored carbohydrate
2.9 Role of rice hormones under flooded conditions
2.10 Adaption of rice of flooding during establishments
2.11 Farmers cropping strategies to flood
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Area of study
3.2 material
3.3 Germination determination
3.4 Yield of various varieties
3.5 Land preparation
3.6 Method
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Results
4.2 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 conclusion and recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
Reference
