ABSTRACT
Employee attitudes are very significant to management and organizations’ since they determine the behaviour of employees in an organisation. It is believed that employees who are satisfied are normally productive than their counterparts who are dissatisfied. Satisfied employees are not only creators of a pleasant atmosphere within organizations to perform well but ensure quality gain and show loyalty as well.
Therefore, job satisfaction has been the topic of many studies. Although some researches focused on job satisfaction and employee performance, empirical work on the determinants of job satisfaction and its effect on performance. This research attempts to fill the gap by using beverage organizations in Nestle Nigeria Plc, Agbara Estate Lagos in the Western Region of Nigeria as a case study. The study reviewed literature on the concepts of job satisfaction and performance. The study employed quantitative and qualitative methodology. Data was collected through the administration of questionnaire and an in-depth interview. Questionnaires were administered to 45 employees of the beverage company in Agbara Estate Lagos. In-Depth Interviews (IDI) were conducted on 4 management staff to elicit their responses on job satisfaction.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page......................................................................................... i
Certification..................................................................................... ii
Dedication ...................................................................................... iii
Acknowledgement ........................................................................... iv
Table of Contents ............................................................................. v
List of Tables ................................................................................... x
List of Figures .................................................................................. xi
List of Abbreviations ........................................................................ xii
Abstract .......................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of the Study ........................................................ 1
1.1 Problem Statement ..................................................................... 2
1.2 Objectives of the Study .............................................................. 3
1.2.1 General Objective .................................................................... 3
1.2.2 Specific Objectives .................................................................. 3
1.3 Research Questions: ................................................................ 3
1.4 Significance of the Study .......................................................... 4
1.5 Brief Methodology .................................................................... 4
1.6 Scope of the Study .................................................................... 4
1.7 Limitations of the Study ............................................................ 5
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Job Satisfaction and performance ............................................. 6
2.2 Concept of job satisfaction ......................................................... 6
2.3 Definitions of job satisfaction .................................................... 7
2.4 Theories of job satisfaction ........................................................ 8
2.4.1 Maslow’s Theory of Motivation/Satisfaction ……………………… 9
2.4.2 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory ……………………………………… 10
2.4.3 Equity Theory. ........................................................................ 10
2.4.4 Job Design Theory. ................................................................. 11
2.4.5 Vroom’s Expectancy Theory. ................................................... 11
2.5 Causes of job satisfaction. ......................................................... 12
2.5.1 Job Characteristics ................................................................ 12
2.5.2 Social Information Processing (Organisation Characteristics) ... 13
2.5.3 Dispositional (Work Characteristics) ....................................... 14
2.6 Measurement of Job Satisfaction ……………………………………… 15
2.6.1 Job Descriptive Index (JDI). .................................................... 16
2.6.2 Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) ................................................. 16
2.6.3 Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ ………………. 16
2.7 Concept of job Performance ....................................................... 17
2.8 Effect of Job Satisfaction on Performance ................................... 18
2.9 Correlation between job satisfaction and job Performance ......... 20
2.10 Conceptual framework ............................................................ 21
2.11 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………… 22
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE
3.0 Introduction ............................................................................... 24
3.1 Research Methodology ............................................................... 24
3.1.1 Research design...................................................................... 24
3.1.2 Research strategy ................................................................... 25
3.1.2.1 Qualitative Research ........................................................... 25
3.1.2.2 Quantitative Research ......................................................... 25
3.1.2.3 Mixed Methods .................................................................... 26
3.1.3 Research Population .............................................................. 26
3.1.4 Sample Size ............................................................................ 26
3.1.5 Sampling Technique ................................................................ 27
3.1.6 Data Collection Instrument .................................................... 27
3.2 Data Analysis ............................................................................ 28
3.3 Conclusion ................................................................................ 28
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS.
4.0 Introduction ............................................................................. 29
4.1 Quantitative analysis and discussion of findings ........................ 29
4.2 Demographic Characteristics of Respondents ……………………. 29
4.3 Determinants of Job Satisfaction ................................................ 30
4.3.1 Compensation/Pay ................................................................. 31
4.3.2 Promotion .............................................................................. 32
4.3.3 Relationship with Co-workers ................................................. 32
4.3.4 Relationship with Managers/Supervisors ................................ 32
4.3.5 Nature of Work ....................................................................... 33
4.3.6 Safety at the Work Place ......................................................... 33
4.3.7 Training and Development ...................................................... 33
4.3.8 Accommodation ..................................................................... 34
4.3.9 Overtime Compensation........................................................... 34
4.4 Level of Importance of Determinants of Job Satisfaction ………… 35
4.5 Factors that affect performance of Beverage workers ........................ 36
4.6 Extent of job Satisfaction ........................................................... 39
4.6.1 Extent of Satisfaction (Job Positions) ....................................... 39
4.6.2 Extent of Satisfaction (Job Factors) .......................................... 41
4.6.2.1 Satisfaction and Compensation/Pay .................................... 42
4.6.2.2 Satisfaction and Promotion ................................................. 43
4.6.2.3 Satisfaction and Relationship ............................................. 43
4.6.2.4 Satisfaction and Nature of Work ......................................... 43
4.6.2.5 Satisfaction and Recognition ................................................. 44
4.6.2.6 Satisfaction and Health and safety at the workplace ............. 44
4.6.2.7 Satisfaction and Training and Development .......................... 44
4.7 Challenges of Job Satisfaction .................................................... 44
4.8 Qualitative: Analysis and Discussion of Findings ......................... 46
4.8.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics ......................................... 46
4.8.2 Determinants of Job Satisfaction ............................................. 47
4.9 Positively Factors that affect Job Performance of Beverage Workers…. 48
4.10 Negative Factors that affect Job Performance Beverage Workers ….. 49
4.11 Causes of Job Dissatisfaction among Beverage Workers .................. 50
4.12 Improving Job Satisfaction of Beverage Worker ............................. 51
4.13 Conclusion…………………………………………………………….. 53
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Introduction ............................................................................... 54
5.1 Summary of Findings ............................................................... 54
5.2 Conclusion ................................................................................ 54
5.3 Recommendations ..................................................................... 55
5.3.1 Training ………………………………………………………………….. 55
5.3.2 Motivation ……………………………………………………………….. 55
5.3.3 Equity…………………………………………………………………….. 55
REFERENCE ................................................................................... 57
APPENDIX ...................................................................................... 60
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1: Demographic Characteristics ...................................... 30
Table 4.2: Determinants of Job Satisfaction .................……….. 31
Table 4.3: Level of importance of determinants of job satisfaction …. 36
Table 4.4: Positive factors that affect job performance of beverage
workers .................................................................. 38
Table 4.5: Negative factors that affect job performance of beverage
workers .................................................................. 38
Table 4.6: Extent of satisfaction (Job Positions) ............................... 39
Table 4.7: Extent of Satisfaction (Factors) ....................................... 42
Table 4.8: Challenges of job satisfaction ......................................... 45
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. 2.1: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs …………………………………….. 9
Fig. 2.2: The Job Characteristics Model ………………………………….. 13
Fig. 2.3 determinants of satisfaction and dissatisfaction .................. 23
Fig. 2.4: Conceptual framework of effect of job satisfaction on
organisation …………………………………………………………………….... 22
Figure 4.1: Determinants of job satisfaction .................................... 35
Figure 4.3: Extent of job satisfaction ............................................... 40
Figure 4.4: Challenges of Job Satisfaction of Beverage Workers ......... 46
Figure 4.5:Determinants of job satisfaction……………………………… 47
Figure 4.6: Causes of job dissatisfaction ......................................... 50
Figure 4.7:Improving Job Satisfaction……………………………… 52
