TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION..........................................................................................................................ii
APPROVAL............................................................................................................................... iii
Dedication................................................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...........................................................................................................v
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................vii
LIST OF ACRONYMS...............................................................................................................ix
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
1.1 Background......................................................................................................................1
1.2 Problem Statement...........................................................................................................2
1.3 Objectives ........................................................................................................................2
1.3.1 Main Objective..........................................................................................................2
1.3.2 Specific Objectives ...................................................................................................2
1.4 Justification and significance...........................................................................................2
1.5 Project Scope ...................................................................................................................3
1.5.1 Geographical Scope ..................................................................................................3
1.5.2. content scope...........................................................................................................3
1.5.3. Time scope ...............................................................................................................3
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW...........................................................................................4
2.1 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................4
2.2 Concrete Constituents......................................................................................................9
2.2.1 Binders....................................................................................................................10
2.2.2 Concrete Aggregates...................................................................................................11
2.3 properties of concrete.................................................................................................16
2.3.1 Properties of fresh concrete ....................................................................................16
2.3.2 Properties of hardened concrete.........................................................................19
2.4 The properties of HDPE are: .................................................................................21
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................23
3.1 Making of plastic aggregate...........................................................................................23
3.2 Casting the mix ..............................................................................................................26
viii
3.2.1 The slump test.........................................................................................................26
3.2.2 Casting of specimens ..............................................................................................27
3.2.3 Curing .....................................................................................................................29
3.2.4 Weights of the specimen cubes..........................................................................29
3.3 Compressive strength test ..............................................................................................31
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .........................................................................32
4.1 Slump test results and analysis..................................................................................32
4.2 Analysis of weight results of concrete cubes.................................................................33
4.2 Compressive strength results.....................................................................................35
CHAPTER 5 : CHALLENGES, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .....................39
5.1 Challenges. ................................................................................................................39
5.2 Conclusions...............................................................................................................39
5.2.1 Slump test...........................................................................................................39
5.2.2 Compressive strength.........................................................................................40
5.3 Recommendations.....................................................................................................40
ABSTRACT The project was toassessing the effect of partial replacement of coarse aggregates in concrete used in suspended slabs with recycled plastic-waste palates. The properties of concrete studied include both fresh and hardened properties. The independent variable in this project is the partial replacement of course aggregate with plastic palates. The dependent variable in this case are the properties of concrete such as workability, compressive strength and the weight of the cubes at different percentage replacement. Since it was a partial replacement, the replacement of coarse aggregates with plastic palate was from 0% to 75%. The results of the project were as follows. The average weight of concrete cubes at 28days was 7.894Kg for 0% replacement and 5.904Kg for 75% replacement of coarse aggregates with the plastic waste palates. The decrease in the weight of the concrete with the increase in the replacement of the coarse aggregates with plastic waste palates could have been due to the fact that the plastic palates were not as heavy as the natural course aggregate. The workability of the concrete was 50mm at 0%, 53mm at 25%, 56mm at 50% and 60mm at 75% replacement of coarse aggregates with plastic palate.The results showed an increase in slump with the increase the replacement of coarse aggregates with plastic palate which could be due to the fact that plastic waste palates had less or no absorption of water in the concrete mix which increased the water content in the mix that resulted into a high workability. The plot compressive strength against plastic percentage replacement shows steady decrease in compressive strength between 0 and 50% and later drastically decreases with increase in plastic replacement. This could have been due to the fact that in the process of preparing the plastic palate aggregate, the palates were cut with shape and smooth which hindered the adequate bonding with the other concrete constituents hence lowering the compressive strength.The plastic percentage of 50% with compressive strength of 11.2kN/mm2and weight of 6.370Kg is our optimum percentage replacement of course aggregates with plastic waste palates because the weight had reduced but the compressive strength was not so much compromised.
