This research was carried out to uncover the knowledge and awareness of insomnia among
undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. To achieve the objectives of this
study, the following research questions were asked: what is the knowledge of insomnia
among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University? What is the knowledge of the
benefit of adequate sleep among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University? What
is the knowledge of the causes of insomnia among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello
University? What is the knowledge of the consequences of insomnia among undergraduate
students of Ahmadu Bello University? How will HBM explain the knowledge and awareness
of insomnia among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University? However, a
qualitative research method was adopted for the study; Health Belief Model was used as a
theoretical framework. Moreover, interview was used as an instrument for data collection.
The researcher interviewed 5 respondents, from the population of the study who were all
undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University. Similarly, data was collected from the
five (5) interviews which were transcribed, read, examined, re-examined using thematic
analysis and identify 40 narratives explaining knowledge and awareness of undergraduate
students regarding insomnia. The narratives are organized into 18 recurring topics and
further collapsed into ten (10) emergent categories. Therefore, the study discovered sleep
deficiency as their knowledge of insomnia. Furthermore, the study also discovered healthy
sleep and vigor as their knowledge of adequate sleep. Medical condition, medication,
hereditary disease, and caffeine were also discovered as the causes of insomnia. Medical
conditions, physiological condition, and psychological disorder were also discovered as their
knowledge of the consequences of insomnia. Additionally, it was perceived that the
fundamental knowledge and awareness of insomnia influenced two of the HBM construct
which are modifying variables and perceive severity. It was however, recommended that
students should maintain good sleep hygiene by performing an exercise, limiting caffeine
intake, avoiding late night meals, avoid naps, and avoid noisy environment. It is further
recommended they change habits that disrupt sleep such as late night T.V watching and
internet surfing, they should regularly sleep a total of 7-9 or 6-10 hours each night in a 24
hours period, avoid self-medication, and visit the doctor if they felt any abnormalities in their
body .Finally sleep hygiene education program should be organize to create awareness on
insomnia, its causes, consequences, and the benefit of having a healthy sleep. This can be
achieve using the media or medical professionals as it will help tremendously towards
educating students on insomnia.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title: - - - - - - - - - - - i
Declaration - - - - - - - - - - ii
Certification - - - - - - - - - - - iii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - v
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - vi
Table of content - - - - - - - - - vii
List of Appendixes - - - - - - - - - ix
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study - - - - - - - 11.
1.1 Knowledge - - - - - - - - - 21
.1.2 Awareness - - - - - - - - - 31
.1.3 Information use- - - - - - - - - 3
1.2 Statement of the Problem - - - - - - - 4
1.3 Research Questions - - - - - - - - 4
1.4 Objectives of the Study - - - - - - - 5
1.5 Significance of the Study - - - - - - - 5vii
1.6 Scope of the Study - - - - - - - - 6
1.7 Limitation of the Study- - - - - - - - 6
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms - - - - - - 7
REFERENCES - - - - - - - - 8
CHAPTER TWO 2.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 10
2.2 Theoretical framework - - - - - - - 10
2.2.1 Previous Studies that Employed HBM - - - - - 12
REFERENCES - - - - - - - - 18
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 20
3.1 Research Methodology - - - - - - - 20
3.2 Research Design - - - - - - - - 20
3.3 Population of the study - - - - - - - 21
3.4 Sampling and Sampling Techniques - - - - - - 21
3.5 Sampling Procedure - - - - - - - - 22
3.6 Instrument for Data Collection - - - - - - 22
3.7 Procedure for Data collection - - - - - - - 22viii
3.8 Procedure for Data Analysis - - - - - - - 23
3.9 Rigor in Qualitative Research - - - - - - - 23
REFERENCES - - - - - - - - 27
CHAPTER FOUR : FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
4.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 28
4.1 Interview Analysis - - - - - - - - 28
4.2 Share with me your knowledge of insomnia?- - - - - 29
4.3 Share with me your knowledge on adequate sleep? - - - - 30
4.4 Share with me your knowledge of the benefit of sleeping well at night?- - 32
4.5 Share with me your knowledge of the causes of insomnia? - - - 34
4.6 Share with me your knowledge of the consequences of sleeping less than six hours at night - - - - - - - - 37
4.7 Share with me your knowledge of the consequences of replacing your lost sleep during weekends? - - - - - - - - - 39
4.8 How will HBM explain the knowledge and awareness of insomnia among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University? - - - - - 41
REFERENCES - - - - - - - - 44ix
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 45
5.1 Summary of the study - - - - - - - - 45
5.2 Summary of findings: - - - - - - - - 45
5.3 Implications of the study - - - - - - - 50
5.4 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - 51
5.5 Recommendations - - - - - - - - 51
5.6 Suggestion for Future Research - - - - - - 52
Bibliography - - - - - - - - - 53
Appendix I - - - - - - - - - 56
Appendix II - - - - - - - - - 58Appendix III - - - - - - - - - 68
