ABSTRACT
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics has become a global problem with implications for effective therapy of infections and dose resistance. The objective of this study is to determine the profile of antibiotic use at the Regional Hospital Buea. The data used for this study was obtained using a Checklist and the data obtained were analysed with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and presented in a percentage table. In this study females were higher 83(55.3%), which implies that the female were highly prescribed antibiotic in which the highest was recorded in children and youth age of 25-30 years with a frequency of 48(32.0%) . A total of 150 prescriptions were obtained from inpatient and outpatient pharmacy. 30% of the proportion were treated with antibiotics and other antibiotics that was not listed. Which Amoxyl/Metro 15(10.0%) was the highest and the Lowest was Ampiclox/Metro 2(1.3%). The most widely prescribed antibiotics for common cold, cough, upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infection and gastroenteritis were amoxicillin followed by Ampiclox. In overall Amoxicillin appeared more frequent with 53% (80/150) of all the prescription followed by Ampiclox with 22.6% (34/150). The highest factors that influence the profile of antibiotic prescribed were Drug availability (28.7%). Most patient came for antibiotic because they are available. In conclusion, the study observed appropriate use of antibiotic base on the standard for evaluation; however, rotational drug prescribing was a major challenge due to poor adherence/compliance of prescribers toward standard treatment guideline.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page.........................................................................................................................................i
Reservation page…...…………………..………..........................................................................................ii
Certification page..........................................................................................................................................iii
Abstract iv
Table of contents v
List of tables ix
List of figures x
Acknowledgements xi
Dedication xii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Problem Statement 3
General Objective 4
Specific objectives 4
Research Questions 4
Justification of Study 5
Significance of the Study 5
Scope of the study 5
Definition of Terms 5
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Antibiotics 7
Prescription Pattern of Antibiotics 7
Effect of Antibiotics 13
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 14
Study Area 14
Study Population 14
Sample and Sampling Techniques 14
Instrument for Data Collection 15
Data Analysis 15
Inclusion criteria 15
Ethical Considerations 15
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS
Age Distribution of Respondent 16
Gender Distribution of Respondent 16
Level of Education of Respondent 17
The proportion of patients treated with antibiotics and other drugs 17
Component of a Standard prescription format 18
Evaluating the Type of Antibiotics commonly prescribed and their use. 18
Combined antibiotics prescribed 18
Single Antibiotics Prescribed 19
Classes of antibiotic prescribed 20
Prevalent Conditions Treated with Antibiotics 21
Determine the factors related to the antibiotics prescription pattern. 22
Factors that influence the profile of antibiotics use 22
Control measure aimed at regulating antibiotic use 23
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Discussion 24
Recommendations 26
Conclusions 26
References 27
Appendices 30
Appendix A: Patient medication check list for antibiotics 30
Appendix B: School Authorization Letter 32
Appendix C: Administrative Authorization to Collect Research Data 33
Appendix D: Approval Letter from Buea Regional Hospital 34
